Reduction of Acceleration Induced Injuries from Mine Blasts under Infantry Vehicles." Dept. of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, undated http://www.ase.uc.edu/~atabiei/pdfs/J.pdf E. Téglás et al. “Intuitions of probabilities shape expectati

Anti tank (AT) mines and improvised explosive devices (IED) pose a serious threat to the occupants of infantry vehicles. The use of an energy absorbing seat in conjunction with vehicle armor plating greatly improves occupant survivability during such an explosion. The dynamic axial crushing of aluminum tubes constitutes the principal energy absorption mechanism to reduce the blast pulse transmitted to the occupant in this investigation. The explicit non-linear finite element software LSDYNA is used to simulate the effect of an explosion under a vehicle seat in which an occupant is seated. The injury mechanisms of the vehicle-occupant contact interface corresponding to the vehicle seat structure upon the occupant’s torso are simulated. Data such as compressive lumbar loads, head and torso accelerations, and neck moments are collected from the numerical dummy which is used to simulate the occupant’s response. This data is then compared to injury threshold values from various references to assess survivability